Evaluate the long-run economic impact of a localized natural disaster with causal inference in Python. A beginner's replication of Heger & Neumayer (2019) on the 2004 Aceh tsunami, using synthetic calibrated data: dynamic difference-in-differences with pyfixest, an event study with diff-diff, a night-lights dose-response, synthetic control with mlsynth, and Conley spatial standard errors.